Paternity Test

A paternity test is a test carried out by comparing a father's and child's DNA. This enables one to ascertain, with a probability of 99.99% whether the putative father is, or is not the biological father. We all inherit our DNA (the genetic material) from our biological parents. A DNA paternity test compares a child’s DNA pattern with that of the putative father to check for evidence of this inheritance, this is the most definitive proof of a biological relationship.

The result of a DNA paternity test is either a 100% exclusion (the putative father is not the biological father), or an inclusion (the putative father is considered the biological father).

Test between Brothers (Y-Chromosome-Test)

The Y-Chromosome method allows brothers to clarify whether they have the same father. A saliva sample from the father is not necessary. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out a grand fatherhood test, on the father’s side.

An analysis to find a Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) is possible using a combination of researched genealogies, Y-STR DNA test results, and statistical formulas.

Y-chromosome markers provide researchers (i.e., forensic scientists, evolutionary biologists, genealogists, and anthropologists) a useful tool for studying human migration patterns, evolution, paternally-linked relationships and identification. It has also been used to help locate the geographical origin of all human beings.

Test between Sisters (X-STR-Test)

The X-STR-Method allows sisters to clarify whether they have the same father. A saliva sample from the father is not necessary. Furthermore, X-STR makes testing grandmother's and granddaughters possible.

Test with Trace Samples

When a DNA test with trace samples is carried out, a person’s DNA is isolated from the trace samples. Trace samples can come from, for example, a razor, a toothbrush or a moistened postage stamp.

Reconstruction

When carrying out a DNA-Reconstruction, the DNA from one person for whom no trace samples are available, is reconstructed by taking DNA samples from children or siblings etc. This means that the DNA from children or siblings etc. is used to construct a DNA profile for the person in question. The reconstructed DNA makes it possible to carry out a comparison test, for example a paternity or maternity test.

Maternity Test

A maternity test compares the DNA of the mother and child. This confirms or excludes motherhood to a probability of 99.99%.

Mitochondria-DNA-Test

A Mitochondria-DNA-test enables one to tell whether two persons are related on the mother’s side.

Test for Twins

A DNA test for twins enables one to determine whether twins are identical or fraternal.

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Paternityzone is a non-profit organization offering free and unbiased help and support for DNA paternity tests, paternity testing services and other paternity related issues.

We give information on the various kinds of paternity test and which paternity test is right for which scenario.

We are pro-family and passionately believe that everyone has a right to know where they have come from. We really hope that you are able to find what you are looking for on our site.

What is DNA Paternity Testing?
Paternity testing is carried out to establish the relationship of two individuals. Normally, DNA samples are collected from the cheek
cells of the individuals involved in the paternity testing procedure. DNA identification is the most precise method available for determining a biological
relationship.

Paternity Test (Metropolitan News-Enterprise)

At the time of Seanna’s birth, the identity of Seanna’s biological father was unknown, because Seanna had been conceived during the time that then-15-year-old Suedi was engaging in sexual relations with both Anthony, then 29, and another man identified as Gabriel P., then 21. Suedi had led each man to believe he was the child’s father, but ultimately pursued a relationship with Anthony because

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Teen pleads for dad's identity (Detroit News)

MOUNT CLEMENS -- A Macomb County circuit judge will decide in the upcoming weeks whether a teenager's lawsuit against his mother -- seeking to force her to reveal the identity of his biological father -- can continue.

technorati tags:fathers, identity

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Paternity testing in a nutshell

A paternity test is conducted to prove whether a man is the biological father of another individual. This may be relevant in view of the responsibilities of the father. A maternity test can also be carried out. This is less common because at least during childbirth, it is obvious who the mother is.

An individuals DNA is almost exactly the same in each and every somatic cell. Sexual reproduction joins the DNA of both parents in a random way to create a unique combination of genetic material in a new cell. So the genetic make up of an individual is derived from the genetic material of their parents. This genetic material is known as the nuclear genome of a person, because it is found in the nucleus.

Comparing the DNA sequence of one individual to that of another, can show if one of them was derived from the other or not. Specific sequences are looked at to see if they were copied exactly from one individuals genome to the other. If so, then this proves that the genetic material of one individual was derived from that of the other, meaning one is the parent of the other. Besides the nuclear DNA in the nucleus, the mitochondria in the cells also have their own genetic material, termed the mitochondria genome.

Mitochondria DNA comes only from the mother.

Genome Geography

Proving a relationship based on comparison of the mitochondria genome is much easier than that based on the nuclear genome. Testing the mitochondria genome however, can only prove if two individuals are related by common descent through maternal lines, only from a common ancestor and is therefore of limited value which means for instance, it could not be used to test for paternity.

Discovering that a child either is or isn't one's own is something that a parent can undertake at their own expense, without informing anyone either about the test or its result. In the United Kingdom, this situation will change when the Human Tissue Act comes into force. Section 45 states that it will be an offence to possess any bodily material, with the intent that any human DNA in the material be analyzed without qualifying consent.

Tests can and have been ordered by courts, when proof of paternity is required.