Paternity Test

A paternity test is a test carried out by comparing a father's and child's DNA. This enables one to ascertain, with a probability of 99.99% whether the putative father is, or is not the biological father. We all inherit our DNA (the genetic material) from our biological parents. A DNA paternity test compares a child’s DNA pattern with that of the putative father to check for evidence of this inheritance, this is the most definitive proof of a biological relationship.

The result of a DNA paternity test is either a 100% exclusion (the putative father is not the biological father), or an inclusion (the putative father is considered the biological father).

Test between Brothers (Y-Chromosome-Test)

The Y-Chromosome method allows brothers to clarify whether they have the same father. A saliva sample from the father is not necessary. Furthermore, it is possible to carry out a grand fatherhood test, on the father’s side.

An analysis to find a Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) is possible using a combination of researched genealogies, Y-STR DNA test results, and statistical formulas.

Y-chromosome markers provide researchers (i.e., forensic scientists, evolutionary biologists, genealogists, and anthropologists) a useful tool for studying human migration patterns, evolution, paternally-linked relationships and identification. It has also been used to help locate the geographical origin of all human beings.

Test between Sisters (X-STR-Test)

The X-STR-Method allows sisters to clarify whether they have the same father. A saliva sample from the father is not necessary. Furthermore, X-STR makes testing grandmother's and granddaughters possible.

Test with Trace Samples

When a DNA test with trace samples is carried out, a person’s DNA is isolated from the trace samples. Trace samples can come from, for example, a razor, a toothbrush or a moistened postage stamp.

Reconstruction

When carrying out a DNA-Reconstruction, the DNA from one person for whom no trace samples are available, is reconstructed by taking DNA samples from children or siblings etc. This means that the DNA from children or siblings etc. is used to construct a DNA profile for the person in question. The reconstructed DNA makes it possible to carry out a comparison test, for example a paternity or maternity test.

Maternity Test

A maternity test compares the DNA of the mother and child. This confirms or excludes motherhood to a probability of 99.99%.

Mitochondria-DNA-Test

A Mitochondria-DNA-test enables one to tell whether two persons are related on the mother’s side.

Test for Twins

A DNA test for twins enables one to determine whether twins are identical or fraternal.